Internal combustion engine arrangement



Feb. 26, 1963 H. HOENICK 3,078,958

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE ARRANGEMENT Filed May 10, 1960 2 Sheets-Sheet1 INVENTOR Hans HOB/wk Feb. 26, 1963 i H. HOENICK 3,078,958

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE ARRANGEMENT Filed May 10, 1960 2 Sheets-Sheet2 //v VENTOR Hans #o'E/v/cK M/ aw United States Patent 3,073fi58INTERNAL CUME'USTIUN ENGHNE ARRANGEMENT Hans Hoenick,Stnttgart-Zufienhausen, Germany, assignor to Firma Dr. Eng. h.c. F.Porsche KG, tuttgart- Znfienhausen, Germany Filed May 10, less, fier. N28,027 Claims priority, application Germany May 30, 1959 6 Claims. (U.l84-6) The present invention relates to an internal combustion engine,especially for the drive of tractors which is provided with alubricating pump and with a throwertype or splash-type oil separator.

It is known in the prior art to derive the drive of the oil separatorfrom the cam shaft of the internal combustion engine. For that purpose,a shaft extending transversely through the engine is provided which, atone end thereof, carries the splasher or thrower centrifuging drum, andthe opposite end of which is in operative engagement with the cam shaft.This type of drive, in addition to the spatially unfavorablearrangement, entails the disadvantage that no further auxiliaryaggregates or machines can be driven from the shaft so that furtherauxiliary shafts have to be provided which additionally increases thecost of the construction of the engine.

It is also known in the prior art to derive the drive for thelubricating pump from an auxiliary shaft arranged essentiallyperpendicularly to the cam shaft. In these prior art arrangements thepump is generally accommodated within the crankcase and is, therefore,exchangeable only with great difficulties.

The same is also true of the prior art constructions in Which thelubricating pump and the oil separator are combined into a structuralunit and are arranged within the crankcase.

Furthermore, constructions are known in the prior art in which thelubricating pump is arranged within the crankcase and a splash orthrower-type oil separator driven thereby is arranged outside thecrankcase. While in these prior art arrangements, the oil separator isreadily accessible, this is not the case for the lubricating pump sothat not only the assembly and installation of both aggregates or unitsis time-consuming and complicated but also the drive thereof may beaccommodated only with great difiiculties within the limited space ofthe engine housing.

According to the present invention, these disadvantages are effectivelyeliminated by the common drive of the lubricating pump and splash-typeor thrower-type oil separator by means of a drive shaft which extendsessentially perpendicularly to the cam shaft and essentially parallel tothe axis of the working cylinder of the internal combustion engine andwhich is driven by the latter. By reason of this arrangement of thedrive shaft with respect to the cam shaft, which is arranged laterallyopposite the working cylinders by reason of the required speedreduction, the lubricating oil pump and the oil separator may be securedat, a favorable place of the engine which permits not only a freeaccessibility to both of these aggregates but also enables spatially thedrive of further auxiliary aggregates or apparatus whereby the enginehousing may be constructed in an extremely simple and plain manner. Thedrive shaft is drivingly connected over the supply gears of thelubricating gear pump with an auxiliary shaft for purposes of drivingthe individual auxiliary aggregate which auxiliary shaft extendsessentially parallelly to the driving shaft and extends through thelubricating gear pump. The auxiliary shaft is operatively connected atone end thereof with the oil separator and the opposite end of thisshaft carries a clutch-half for the selective drive of additionalauxiliary aggregates 3&73358' Patented Feb. 26, 1963 or apparatus, forexample, of a hydraulic pump. It is, of course, understood that insteadof a hydraulic pump, other aggregates or machines may be driven fromthis auxiliary shaft, for example, the distributor in case of anOtto-type engine or the like. The auxiliary shaft is preferablyconstructed in a hollow manner and serves as riser conduit for thecleansed lubricating oil of the engine. By the use of such anarrangement, complicated lubricating medium conduits within the enginecasing or housing are avoided.

The drive shaft extends essentially up to the separating gap or jointbetween the crankcase and the oil pan so that the lubricating pumptogether with the oil separator may be flangedly secured to thecrankcase from below. A simple, space-saving construction resultstherefrom which enables a simple machining of the crankcase. Theindividual aggregates may also be readily dis-assembled for repairs incase of damage or for purposes of cleaning the same, yet are arranged ina protected manner in the assembled position thereof notwithstandingsuch excellent accessibility. By reason of the fact that thethrower-type oil separator retained by the auxiliary shaft is arrangedwithin a recess limited or defined by the separating joint and the wallsof the oil pan, the oil separator does not project in a disturbingmanner beyond the normal contour of the internal combustion engine. Witha multicylinder internal combustion engine, a favorable utilization ofthe space results from the fact that the drive shaft for the auxiliaryaggregates is operatively connected with the cam shaft between twoadjacent working cylinders.

Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a drivearrangement for a lubricating pump and oil separator of an internalcombustion engine which obviates, in an effective manner, thedeficiencies and inadequacies of the prior art arrangements.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a drivearrangement for a lubricating pump and oil separator in internalcombustion engines which is extremely simple, requires relatively littlespace, and is relatively inexpensive in manufacture and assembly.

A further object of the present invention is the provision of a drivearrangement for the lubricating devices of an internal combustion enginewhich simultaneously enables the drive of additional auxiliaryaggregates without complicated and costly drive connections.

Still a further object of the present invention resides in the provisionof a drive arrangement and accommodation for the lubricating pump andoil separator in internal combustion engines which makes possible asimple installation and assembly of the parts as well as a simple andtime-saving disassembly in case of need for service of the various partsthereof.

A still further object of the present invention resides in thearrangement and accommodation of the lubricating pump, of the oilseparator and of the drive arrangement therefor in internal combustionengines which is extremely simple so as to require a minimum of simplemachining operations, particularly in the engine housing, and assuresthe accommodation thereof within the normal contours of the engineblock.

A further object of the present invention resides in the provision of alubricating system for an internal combustion engine in which the oilseparator effectively cleaning the oil and the pump for the lubricatingsystem as Well as the drive arrangement therefor are effectively combined into a compact unit requiring little space and forming in part theconduits for the lubricating system.

These and other objects, features and advantages of the presentinvention will become more obvious from the following description whentaken in connection with the accompanying drawing which shows, forpurposes of illustration only, one embodiment in accordance with thepresent invention and wherein:

FIGURE 1 is a cross-sectional view through a portion of the crankcase ofa multi-cylinder internal combustion engine provided with adrive for theauxiliary aggregates thereof in accordance with the present invention,and

FIGURE 2 is a side view of a portion of the crankcase, partly in crosssection and with parts broken away, to show the surrounding engine partsof the drive arrangement in accordance with the present invention.

Referring now to the drawing, wherein like reference numerals are usedthroughout the two views to designate corresponding parts, and moreparticularly to FIGURE 1, reference numeral 1 designates therein thecrankshaft which is indicated therein only in cross section. The camshaft 3 is driven, in a manner known per se, from the crankshaft 1 overa suitable gear 2 (FIGURE 2) whereby thecam shaft 3 is suitablysupported in the crankcase 4' or in a suitable supporting wall thereof.

A bcvel gear 7 is secured to the cam shaft 3 between the inlet andoutlet cams 5, 6 and 5, 6', respectively, of adjacent working cylinders4'. The bevel gear 7 is in meshing engagement with a pinion 8 mounted ona drive shaft 9. The drive shaft 9 is arranged'essentiallyperpendicularly to the cam shaft 3 and essentially parallelly to theaxis XX (FIGURE 1) of the working cylinders 4. The drive shaft 9 extendswith the free end 10 thereof (FIGURE 1) to the separating joint 11between the crankcase 4 and the oil pan 12 flangedly secured thereto.The end. 10 of the drive shaft 9 is operatively connected by means of aspline connection 13 with a driving gear 14 which in turn meshes with agear 15. The gears 14 and 15 effectively constitute the supply gears ofa lubricating pump generally designated by reference numeral 16 and areaccommodated within a housing 17. The housing 17 is inserted into arecess 13 provided in the crankcase 4 and is covered or closed off bymeans of a cover'19. A protective hood 21 forming part of thethrower-type oil separator, generally designated by reference numeral22, is secured to the cover 19 by means of a clamping-type connection 20which may be of any suitable construction, as known in the prior art.The oil separator 22 essentially consists of a pot-shaped drum member 23which is covered oil? by means of a disk member provided with blades 24entrained thereby. The disk member 25 is centered in a hub portion 26 ofthe cover 19. The drive of the thrower-type oil separator 22 takes placeby means of an auxiliary shaft 27 operatively connected through thelubricating pump gears 14 and 15 with the drive shaft 9, which auxiliaryshaft 27 extends through the lubricating pump 16 and is arrangedessentially parallelly to the drive'shaft 9. The lower end 28 of theauxiliary shaft 27 is operatively connected with the pot-shaped member23 by means of a hub portion 29 formed integrally with the blades 24.The opposite end 30 of the auxiliary shaft 27 carries a clutch member 31for the selective drive of an auxiliary aggregate such as a hydraulicpump 32. The hydraulic pump 32 is operatively connected in a readilydisengageable manner with the auxiliary shaft 27 by means of the clawclutch 33. The thrower-type oil separator 22 is arranged within a recess34 which is defined by the separating joint 11 and the walls 35 and 35'of the oil pan 12 partly surrounding the oil separator 22.

Operation The operation of the lubricating system in accordance with thepresent invention is as follows:

During operation of the internal combustion engine, the cam shaft gear 2is rotated by the crankshaft 1, and therewith the bevel gears 7 and 8,together with the drive shaft 9, are also set into rotation. The driveshaft 9 drives the supply gears 14 and 15 of the lubricating pump andsimultaneously therewith rotates the oil separator 22 and the hydraulicpump 32 through the auxiliary shaft 27. Lubrieating oil is thereby drawnin by the pump 16 from the oil sump formed by the oil pan 12 through aconduit or line indicated in FIGURE 1 of the drawing by referencenumeral 36 and thereby reaches the pump space through an aperture 37.The lubricating oil is thereupon supplied from the pump space into anannular space 38 within the cover 19 into which annular space the oil isforced by reason of the pump pressure produced by the gear pump andthereupon reaches, through the annular gap 39 in the disk member 25, thethrower or centrifuging space 40 of the oil separator 22. The relativelyheavier particles of the oil are thereby thrown outwardly by thecentrifugal forces within the oil separator 22, as is known in the priorart, whereas the relatively lighter oil which is the relatively pure oilreaches the core of the drum member 23. Apcrtures 41 are provided in thehub portion 29 distributed about the periphery thereof for conductingthe thus cleaned oil whereby the apertures 41 discharge into theauxiliary shaft 27 constructed as hollow shaft. The hollow shaft 27thereby forms a riser conduit 42 for the oil leading to the clutchmember 31 which is provided with several cross bores 43. The oil flowsthrough cross bores 43 into the line 44 accommodated within thecrankcase and thereby eventually reaches the individual bearing placesof the engine.

For purposes of cleaning the centrifugal oil separator 22, the clampingdevice 20 is disengaged and the protective hood 21 removed. Afterremoval of the nut 45, the drum member 23 may be removed from theauxiliary shaft 27 and may be cleaned as maintenance of the engine mayrequire. I

While I have shown and described one embodiment in accordance with thepresent invention, it is understood that the same is not limited threetobut is susceptible of many changes and modifications within the spiritand scope of the present invention, and I, therefore, do not wish to belimited to the details shown and described herein but intend to coverall such changes and modifications as are encompassed by the scope ofthe appended claims. i

I claim:

1. In an internal combustion engine, especiallyfor drive ing a tractor,provided with working cylinder means, crankshaft means driven by theengine, and cam shaft means driven by said crankshaft means, alubricating system, comprising lubricating pump means and oil separatormeans in said lubricating system, and common drive means for saidlubricating pump means and said oil separator means including a driveshaft operatively connected with said cam shaft means and extendingessentially perpendicular with respect thereto and essentiallyparallelly to the axis of said working cylinder means for driving saidlubricating pump means, an auxiliary shaft ex, tending essentiallyparallelly to said drive shaft, said auxiliary shaft being provided withmeans adjacent one end adapted to selectively drive a hydraulic pump,said auxiliary shaft being connected at the other end thereof with saidoil separator means, said auxiliary shaft being hollow and constitutinga riser for the cleansed lubricating oil of the engine, and meansincluding at least a part of said pump means operatively connecting saidauxiliary shaft with said drive shaft.

2. In an internal combustion engine, especially for driving a tractor,provided with working cylinder means, crankshaft means driven by theengine, and cam shaft means driven by said crankshaft means, alubricating system, comprising lubricating pump means and oil separatormeans in said lubricating system, and common driven means for saidlubricating pump means and said oil separator means including a driveshaft operatively connected with said cam shaft means and extendingessentially perpendicular with respect thereto and essentiallyparallelly to the axis of said working cylinder means for driving saidlubricating pump means, and auxiliary shaft extending essentiallyparellelly to said drive shaft, said auxiliary shaft being provided withmeans adjacent one end adapted to selectively drive an auxiliaryapparatus, and means including at least a part of said pump meansoperatively connecting said auxiliary shaft with said drive shaft, saidauxiliary shaft being a hollow shaft provided with means to enable thelubricating oil cleansed by said separator means to rise therein.

3. In an internal combustion engine, especially for driving a tractor,provided with working cylinder means, a crank case, crankshaft meansdriven by the engine, and cam shaft means driven by said crankshaftmeans, a lubricating system, comprising lubricating pump means and oilseparator means in said lubricating system, and common drive means forsaid lubricating pump means and said oil separator means including adrive shaft operatively connected with said cam shaft means and extending essentially perpendicular with respect thereto and essentiallyparallelly to the axis of said working cylinder means for driving saidlubricating pump means, an auxiliary shaft extending essentiallyparallelly to said drive shaft, means including at least a part of saidlubricating pump means operatively connecting said auxiliary shaft withsaid drive shaft, said lubricating pump means being a gear pump with thegears thereof received in an opening provided in the crankcase, saidauxiliary shaft having one end extending through one of the gears ofsaid lubricating pump means and operatively connected for commonrotation therewith, said oil separator means including means forcentrifuging the lubricating oil sup plied from an oil pan secured tosaid one end of said auxiliary shaft, and a protective, detachable coveradapted to be placed over said centrifuging means positioned exteriorlyof said oil pan.

4. In an internal combustion engine, especially for driving a tractor,provided with working cylinder means, crankshaft means driven by theengine, and cam shaft means driven by said crankshaft means, alubricating system, comprising lubricating pump means and oil separatormeans in said lubricating system, and common drive means for saidlubricating pump means and said oil separator means including a driveshaft operatively connected with said cam shaft means and extendingessentially perpendicular with respect thereto and essentiallyparallelly to the axis of said working cylinder means for driving saidlubricating pump means, an auxiliary shaft extending essentiallyparallelly to said drive shaft, said auxiliary shaft being provided withmeans adjacent one end adapted to selectively drive an auxiliaryapparatus, means, including at least a part of said pump meansoperatively connecting said auxiliary shaft with said drive shaft, saidlubricating pump means being a gear pump having two gears, said driveshaft being operatively connected with one of said gears, said auxiliaryshaft extending through the other gear and operatively connected forrotation in unison therewith, said separator means including a rotatabledrum member carrying thereon blade means, means detachably connectingsaid drum member to one end of said auxiliary shaft, and a protectivehood placed over said drum member exteriorly of a housing defining anoil sump and detachable clamping means for detachably securing the hoodover said drum member.

5. In an internal combustion engine, the combination according to claim4, further comprising clutch means connected to the other end of saidauxiliary shaft for selectively driving said auxiliary apparatus.

6. In an internal combustion engine, the combination according to claim5, wherein said auxiliary shaft is a hollow shaft serving as riserconduit for the cleansed lubricating oil.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS1,631,208 Jerome June 7, 1927 2,741,333 Dega et a1 Apr. 10, 1956 FOREIGNPATENTS 251,761 Great Britain May 13, 1926 515,495 Germany Jan. 6, 1931

1. IN AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE ESPECIALLY FOR DRIVING A TRACTOR,PROVIDED WITH WORKING CYLINDER MEANS, CRANKSHAFT MEANS DRIVEN BY THEENGINE, AND CAM SHAFT MEANS DRIVEN BY SAID CRANKSHAFT MEANS, ALUBRICATING SYSTEM, COMPRISING LUBRICATING PUMP MEANS AND OIL SEPARATORMEANS IN SAID LUBRICATING SYSTEM, AND COMMON DRIVE MEANS FOR SAIDLUBRICATING PUMP MEANS AND SAID OIL SEPARATOR MEANS INCLUDING A DRIVESHAFT OPERATIVELY CONNECTED WITH SAID CAM SHAFT MEANS AND EXTENDINGESSENTIALLY PERPENDICULAR WITH RESPECT THERETO AND ESENTIALLY PARALLELLYTO THE AXIS OF SAID WORKING CYLINDER MEANS FOR DRIVING SAID LUBRICATINGPUMP MEANS, AN AUXILIARY SHAFT EXTENDING ESSENTIALLY PARALLELY TO SAIDDRIVE SHAFT, SAID AUXILIARY SHAFT BEING PROVIDED WITH MEANS ADJACENT ONEEND ADAPTED TO SELECTIVELY DRIVE A HYDRAULIC PUMP, SAID AUXILIARY SHAFTBEING CONNECTED AT THE OTHER END THEREOF WITH SAID OIL SEPARATOR MEANS,SAID AUXILIARY SHAFT BEING HOLLOW AND CONSTITUTING A RISER FOR THECLEANSED LUBRICATING OIL OF THE ENGINE, AND MEANS INCLUDING AT LEAST APART OF SAID PUMP MEANS OPERATIVELY CONNECTING SAID AUXILIARY SHAFT WITHSAID DRIVE SHAFT.